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In the present work a new system for nondestructive evaluation of applied stress on the pipeline steels surface is proposed. This system is based on applying a magnetic field on the pipe surface, whose direction changes due to rotatory permanent magnets. The variation of magnetic field direction produces the Barkhausen signal, which is measured by a pick-up coil. The angular dependence of the magnetic Barkhausen noise signal energy is influenced by the pipe surface curvature due to the changing headprobe liftoff. Also, the said angular dependence changes with the applied tensile stress due to the magneto-elastic effect. The result of Barkhausen noise measurements in the pipeline surface submitted to applied tensile stress reveals that, since the effect of curvature on the angular de... |
Amantadine hydrochloride (1), a well-known antiviral drug, has been used to treat certain type-A influenza infections and been also medicated as an anti-dyskinetic agent for Parkinson’s disease. In this paper, we report a simple and economical procedure for synthesis of amantadine hydrochloride (1) from 1-bromoadamantane (3) and urea in a one-step procedure with high yield (81%) and advantage. The structure of the obtained amantadine hydrochloride was confirmed by MS, 1H-NMR and 13CNMR spectra and its quality was validated following the United State Pharmacopeia (USP 38). In addition, the synthesis condition was optimized following parameters including reaction reagent as source of nitrogen, reaction temperature, reaction time, reagent molar-ratio, solvent and HCl concentration, suc... |
Child maltreatment remains a major health threat globally that requires the understanding of socioeconomic and cultural contexts to craft effective interventions. However, little is known about research agendas globally and the development of knowledge-producing networks in this field of study. This study aims to explore the bibliometric overview on child maltreatment publications to understand their growth from 1916 to 2018. Data from the Web of Science Core Collection were collected in May 2018. Only research articles and reviews written in the English language were included, with no restrictions by publication date. We analyzed publication years, number of papers, journals, authors, keywords and countries, and presented the countries collaboration and co-occurrence keywords analy... |
Network coding (NC) has been recently emerging as an excellent technique for leveraging network efciency. In optical networks, NC and protection appear to be a good match and indeed, NC could be efectively exploited for greater protection efciency thanks to the opportunity of combining signals rather than duplication in the traditional approach. Motivated by this observation, we investigate the application of a simple and practical NC technique based on XOR operation to improve the network throughput in survivable optical networks. To this end, we propose the NC-based protection whose speed recovery is on a par with the conventional 1 + 1 dedicated protection while the capacity usage could be more efcient, paving the way for improving throughput in constrained capacity conditions. A... |
In this study, we present a low-cost and simple method to treat spent lead–acid battery wastewater using quicklime and slaked lime. The sulfate and lead were successfully removed using the precipitation method. The structure of quicklime, slaked lime, and resultant residues were measured by X-ray diffraction. The obtained results show that the sulfate removal efficiencies were more than 97% for both quicklime and slaked lime and the lead removal efficiencies were 49% for quicklime and 53% for slaked lime in a non-carbonation process. After the carbonation step, the sulfate removal efficiencies were slightly decreased but the lead removal efficiencies were 68.4% for quicklime and 69.3% for slaked lime which were significantly increased compared with the non-carbonation process. This ... |
The synthesis of advanced functional nanomaterials for electrochemical applications, such as water splitting, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs), and supercapacitor has been the topic of interest in recent years. This work presents the synthesis of ruthenium (Ru)/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanocomposite by using a facile and scalable liquid plasma-assisted method and its application as an electrode material in electrochemical applications for supercapacitor and triiodide reduction at counter electrodes (CEs) of DSCs. As the results, Ru nanoparticles have a size in the range of 4–10 nm that were homogenously distributed on the surface of the RGO layer. Electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the synthesized material is suitable for supercapacitor applications, whereas the cap... |
Books are the invaluable, colossal storage of mankind’s immense scholarship and are still commonly perceived as a more reliable source of knowledge even in this age of digitized information. Extensive reading is often promoted as being vital to cognitive development, especially for students in primary and secondary education. While it could now be considered common knowledge that reading is highly beneficial, reading habits vary among individuals in the same culture and receiving the same public education. This could be due to demographic variations and differences in socioeconomic status, or other factors such as family background and education. Despite the ample literature on reading habits, there still exists a lack of holistic approach with empirical results concerning the recip... |
