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In this paper, we numerically investigate the dynamics of a compound droplet driven by surface tension variation induced by a thermal gradient in a sinusoidal constriction tube. Initially, the compound droplet with a concentric inner core is spherical and placed in the constriction's upstream region with a low temperature. As time progresses, it migrates to the downstream with a high temperature. Due to the constriction, the droplet is slowed down in the upstream region and accelerated again right after passing the constriction. This acceleration maximizes the eccentricity. However, the constriction results in an increase in the maximum eccentricity when increasing its depth to a value corresponding to the size of the tube neck, which is greater than or equal to the droplet size. Ef... |
Modern methods of monitoring help cow farmers save significantly monitoring time and improve cow health care efficiency. Behavioral changes when cows are sick may include increased or decreased daily activities such as increased lying or decreased walking time. Accelerometer advantages are low power consumption, small size, and lightweight. Thus, accelerometers have been widely used to monitor cow behavior. A cow monitoring system usually includes a central processor for receiving and processing information according to a behavioral classification algorithm through the cows’ movements. This paper introduces an effective classification system for Southern Yellow cow behavior using three degrees of freedom (3-DoF) accelerometers. The proposed classifier applied GBDT algorithm (16 seco... |
Terpenoids represent the largest group of secondary metabolites with variable structures and functions. Terpenoids are well known for their beneficial application in human life, such as pharmaceutical products, vitamins, hormones, anticancer drugs, cosmetics, flavors and fragrances, foods, agriculture, and biofuels. Recently, engineering microbial cells have been provided with a sustainable approach to produce terpenoids with high yields. Noticeably, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated (Cas) system has emerged as one of the most efficient genome-editing technologies to engineer microorganisms for improving terpenoid production. In this review, we summarize the application of the CRISPR-Cas system for the production of terpenoids in micro... |
Heterostructure alloys with controlled structure and composition are essential for future electronics and optoelectronics. While heterostructure formation creates sharp electronic junction, alloying allows bandgap tunability. Herein, ZnS/ZnO heterostructure-alloy hexagonal micropyramids are grown on Si/SiO2 wafers for the first time by facile thermal evaporation of ZnS powder. It is found that the pyramids with a based size of few micrometers are grown along different crystallographic directions and neighbored by ZnS microrods. XRD and XPS spectra showed that ZnS, ZnO, and ZnSO wurtzite phases coexist in the as-received samples |
Classification of different gases is important, and it is possible to use different gas sensors for this purpose. Electronic noses, for example, combine separated gas sensors into an array for detecting different gases. However, the use of separated sensors in an array suffers from being bulky, high-energy consumption and complex fabrication processes. Generally, gas sensing properties, including gas selectivity, of semiconductor gas sensors are strongly dependent on their working temperature |
Mathematic modeling and analytical approach are presented for nonlinear vibration analysis of laminated plate with auxetic honeycomb core and magneto-electro-elastic face sheets supported by Pasternak-type elastic foundations. The laminated plate is subjected to the simultaneous action of blast, thermal, electric and magnetic loadings. The mechanical properties of auxetic core including negative Poisson’s ratio are assumed to depend on the geometrical parameters of the unit cells and elastic modulus of original material. The volume fraction of two components of each magneto-electro-elastic face sheet is chosen equally. |
By reviewing regulative documents and extant literature, this paper explores the realities and trends of international students in East and Southeast Asia (ESA). It also shows motivation and strategies of four new players in the international higher education sector in East and Southeast Asia i.e., China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Malaysia. Apart from showing that intraregional students have not predominated the overall international student population in the region anymore, the paper highlights that ESA region has become an established hub of international students rather than a new emerging destination as it was in previous years. The overall net flow of international students in this region was still deficit prior to 2010s, but the deficit in 2017 is still less than that of 2010’s. T... |
We consider a multistage stochastic discrete program in which constraints on any stage might involve expectations that cannot be computed easily and are approximated by simulation. We study a sample average approximation (SAA) approach that uses nested sampling, in which at each stage, a number of scenarios are examined and a number of simulation replications are performed for each scenario to estimate the next-stage constraints. This approach provides an approximate solution to the multistage problem. To establish the consistency of the SAA approach, we first consider a two-stage problem and show that in the second-stage problem, given a scenario, the optimal values and solutions of the SAA converge to those of the true problem with probability one when the sample sizes go to infin... |
