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Secondary infections were common among critically ill patients with viral pneumonia including COVID-19. We found no difference in the incidence of SI between COVID-19 and influenza in our cohort study, but SI in patients with COVID-19 were associated with worse clinical outcomes and increased healthcare resource use. The small cohort size precludes any causal inferences but may provide a basis for future research. |
Latent tuberculosis (TB) infection has been known as a seedbed for TB disease later in life. The interruption from latent TB infection to TB disease can be done through TB preventive treatment (TPT). In Cambodia, only 40.0% of children under five years old who were the household contacts to bacteriologically confirmed TB cases were initiated with TPT in 2021. Scientific studies of context-specific operational challenges in TPT provision and uptake among children are scarce, particularly in high TB-burden countries. This study identified challenges in TPT provision and uptake among children in Cambodia from the perspective of healthcare providers and caregivers. |
The implications of an associated proximal fibula fracture in the setting of tibial plateau fractures has been examined in several reports [1, 5, 12, 14, 16]; however, there is a paucity of the literature describing their relationship to fracture classification and injury characteristics. This study aims to enhance our understanding of tibial plateau fractures and their relationship to proximal fibula fractures and meniscal injuries, to improve diagnosis, preoperative planning, and post-operative outcomes in these patients. |
With the surge of critically ill COVID-19 patients in China, numerous anesthesiologists from anesthesia intensive care units (AICU) or reallocated to other ICUs were devoted to the treatment of COVID-19. Besides the standard protocols to treat COVID-19 cases, anesthesiologists also have their own experience to treat COVID-19 cases based on professional expertise and practice. Here, we propose some viewpoints to treat critically ill COIVD-19 patients from the perspective of anesthesiologists. |
Introduction about Computer Science is about problem solving, Computing Basics. Basics, conditionals, loops, functions, erros handling, Arrays, Collections & Dynamic Memory, strings, file input/output. The PHP Programming Language |
This book is written both for practitioners and business students. Managers wishing to understand how electronic commerce is revolutionizing business will find that our comprehensive coverage of essential business issues (e.g., pricing and distribution) answers many of their questions. Advanced business students (junior, seniors, and graduate students) will find that the blend of academic structure and practical examples provides an engaging formula for learning.
The book’s title reflects some key themes that we develop. First, we are primarily concerned with electronic commerce, which we define as using technology (e.g., the Internet) to communicate or transact with stakeholders (e.g., customers). Second, we discuss how organizations must change in order to take advantage of ele... |
This book introduces a novel approach to the design and operation of large ICT systems. It views the technical solutions and their stakeholders as complex adaptive systems and argues that traditional risk analyses cannot predict all future incidents with major impacts. To avoid unacceptable events, it is necessary to establish and operate anti-fragile ICT systems that limit the impact of all incidents, and which learn from small-impact incidents how to function increasingly well in changing environments.
The book applies four design principles and one operational principle to achieve anti-fragility for different classes of incidents. It discusses how systems can achieve high availability, prevent malware epidemics, and detect anomalies. Analyses of Netflix’s media streaming solut... |
This open access book makes quantum computing more accessible than ever before. A fast-growing field at the intersection of physics and computer science, quantum computing promises to have revolutionary capabilities far surpassing “classical” computation. Getting a grip on the science behind the hype can be tough: at its heart lies quantum mechanics, whose enigmatic concepts can be imposing for the novice.
This classroom-tested textbook uses simple language, minimal math, and plenty of examples to explain the three key principles behind quantum computers: superposition, quantum measurement, and entanglement. It then goes on to explain how this quantum world opens up a whole new paradigm of computing.
The book bridges the gap between popular science articles and advanced text... |
Univariate and multivariate analysis with Cox model were used to identify risk factors associated with long-term mortality. Variables with p < 0.1 in the univariate analysis as well as those that are clinically important like severity, age and some comorbidities were included in the model. Schoenfeld residuals are presented in the supplementary appendix (Additional file 1: Figure S3) to check the proportional hazards assumption. We analyzed risk factors associated with the occurrence of WRF. In this context, we tested variables which have been reported to be potentially associated with worse renal outcomes (CKD, CCF, diabetes, age, hypertension, severity scores) [23]. We also assessed a potential association between RRT initiation strategy and WRF. |
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by degenerative articular cartilage changes and secondary hyperosteogeny [1], affecting 10–15% of adults over the age of 60 worldwide [2]. OA is a major cause of disability, and its incidence, which is related to sex, age, obesity, joint trauma, and other factors, is on the rise, bringing a huge economic burden to patients and society [3, 4]. The pathogenesis of OA involves a redox state imbalance leading to oxidative stress, aging, and apoptosis in chondrocytes, as well as decreased anabolism and increased catabolism of the extracellular matrix [5, 6]. After articular cartilage injury, it is mainly repaired by the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes. However, the proliferative capacity of chondrocytes is lim... |
