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Let Ω⊂Rd be a C1 domain or, more generally, a Lipschitz domain with small Lipschitz constant and A(x) be a d×d
uniformly elliptic, symmetric matrix with Lipschitz coefficients. Assume u is harmonic in Ω, or with greater generality u solves div(A(x)∇u)=0 in Ω, and u vanishes on Σ=∂Ω∩B for some ball B. We study the dimension of the singular set of u in Σ, in particular we show that there is a countable family of open balls (Bi)i
such that u|Bi∩Ω does not change sign and K∖⋃iBi has Minkowski dimension smaller than d−1−ϵ for any compact K⊂Σ. We also find upper bounds for the (d−1)-dimensional Hausdorff measure of the zero set of u in balls intersecting Σ in terms of the frequency. As a consequence, we prove a new unique continuation principle at the boundary for this class of functi... |
Many modern applications, both scientific and commercial, are deployed to cloud environments and often employ multiple types of resources. That allows them to efficiently allocate only the resources which are actually needed to achieve their goals. However, in many workloads the actual usage of the infrastructure varies over time, which results in over-provisioning and unnecessarily high costs. In such cases, automatic resource scaling can provide significant cost savings by provisioning only the amount of resources which are necessary to support the current workload. Unfortunately, due to the complex nature of distributed systems, automatic scaling remains a challenge. |
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease characterised by the formation of plaques, which are deposits of lipids and cholesterol-laden macrophages that form in the artery wall. The inflammation is often non-resolving, due in large part to changes in normal macrophage anti-inflammatory behaviour that are induced by the toxic plaque microenvironment. These changes include higher death rates, defective efferocytic uptake of dead cells, and reduced rates of emigration. We develop a free boundary multiphase model for early atherosclerotic plaques, and we use it to investigate the effects of impaired macrophage anti-inflammatory behaviour on plaque structure and growth. |
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a common bone disorder characterized by low bone mineral density and microstructure deterioration [1]. It is estimated that more than 15% of postmenopausal women over 50 years old are suffering in PMOP worldwide [2]. Most of them have low back pain, hunchback and fragility fractures in different degrees [3]. Although there exist a large amount of anti-osteoporosis drugs such as active vitamin D, estrogen receptor modulators, bisphosphonates and parathyroid hormone [4], various undesirable effects limit their application and efficacy [5]. Natural products and herbs attract increasing attention for their potential anti-osteoporosis effects and relative safety |
This open access book presents the most current research results and knowledge from five multidisciplinary themes: Vulnerability of Arctic Environments, Vulnerability of Arctic Societies, Local and Traditional Knowledge, Building Long-term Human Capacity, New Markets for the Arctic, including tourism and safety. The themes are those discussed at the first ever UArctic Congress Science Section, St. Petersburg, Russia, September 2016. The book looks at the Arctic from a holistic perspective; how the environment (both marine and terrestrial) and communities can adapt and manage the changes due to climate change. The chapters provide examples of the state-of-the-art research, bringing together both scientific and local knowledge to form a comprehensive and cohesive volume. Except where ... |
Intercultural Communication examines culture as a variable in interpersonal and collective communication. It explores the opportunities and problems arising from similarities and differences in communication patterns, processes, and codes among various cultural groups. It explores cultural universals, social categorization, stereotyping and discrimination, with a focus on topics including race, ethnicity, social class, religion, gender and sexuality as they relate to communication. |
This engaging volume celebrates the life and work of Theodor Holm "Ted" Nelson, a pioneer and legendary figure from the history of early computing. Presenting contributions from world-renowned computer scientists and figures from the media industry, the book delves into hypertext, the docuverse, Xanadu, and other products of Ted Nelson's unique mind. Topics and features: Includes a cartoon and a sequence of poems created in Nelson's honor, reflecting his wide-ranging and interdisciplinary intellect Presents peer histories, providing a sense of the milieu that resulted from Nelson's ideas Contains personal accounts revealing what it is like to collaborate directly with Nelson Describes Nelson's legacy from the perspective of his contemporaries from the computing world and the scholar... |
Compressive sensing (CS) is a mathematically elegant tool for reducing the sensor sampling rate, potentially bringing context-awareness to a wider range of devices. Nevertheless, practical issues with the sampling and reconstruction algorithms prevent further proliferation of CS in real world domains, especially among heterogeneous ubiquitous devices. Deep learning (DL) naturally complements CS for adapting the sampling matrix, reconstructing the signal, and learning from the compressed samples. While the CS–DL integration has received substantial research interest recently, it has not yet been thoroughly surveyed, nor has any light been shed on practical issues towards bringing the CS–DL to real world implementations in the ubiquitous computing domain. |
Dust is a major component of the interstellar medium. Through scattering, absorption and thermal re-emission, it can profoundly alter astrophysical observations. Models for dust composition and distribution are necessary to better understand and curb their impact on observations. A new approach for serial and computationally inexpensive production of such models is here presented. Traditionally these models are studied with the help of radiative transfer modelling, a critical tool to understand the impact of dust attenuation and reddening on the observed properties of galaxies and active galactic nuclei. |
We present an extension to the federated ensemble regression using classification algorithm, an ensemble learning algorithm for regression problems which leverages the distribution of the samples in a learning set to achieve improved performance. We evaluated the extension using four classifiers and four regressors, two discretizers, and 119 responses from a wide variety of datasets in different domains. |
