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Markov introduced his triples in 1879 in relation to the Diophantine properties of the binary quadratic forms that can be interpreted as the description of the “most irrational” numbers. Since then, many surprising connections have been discovered between Markov triples and hyperbolic geometry, combinatorics of words, and, more recently, the theory of Frobenius manifolds, algebraic geometry, and cluster mutations (see [1, 2] and the references therein). This makes the Markovian theme one of the most fascinating stories in mathematics, which because of a still unproven uniqueness conjecture [1] is far from being finished. |
