Search
Search Results
This research conducted the effect of different ethanol blends in a conventional gasoline engine under various load and speed conditions for its performance and emission characteristics. The experiment was tested on the test motorcycle designed initially to run by gasoline fuel. The experimental procedure was performed in the motorcycle testbed equipped, measuring power, fuel consumption, and exhaust emissions. NOx and HC emissions of the test vehicle using ethanol blends are lower than gasoline. However, NOx emissions have an opposite trend; they increased approximately 7.4% with E5, 12.3% with E10, and 18.51% with E20 due to the temperature increase. Furthermore, the ethanol contents provide the leaning effect to enhance the air-fuel equivalence ratio to a more excellent value and... |
Modern methods of monitoring help cow farmers save significantly monitoring time and improve cow health care efficiency. Behavioral changes when cows are sick may include increased or decreased daily activities such as increased lying or decreased walking time. Accelerometer advantages are low power consumption, small size, and lightweight. Thus, accelerometers have been widely used to monitor cow behavior. A cow monitoring system usually includes a central processor for receiving and processing information according to a behavioral classification algorithm through the cows’ movements. This paper introduces an effective classification system for Southern Yellow cow behavior using three degrees of freedom (3-DoF) accelerometers. The proposed classifier applied GBDT algorithm (16 seco... |
This study presents a front-tracking-based numerical analysis of the forced convection solidification of a sessile droplet on a cooling surface. The droplet, a hollow (or compound) droplet with an encapsulated gas core, undergoes a liquid-to-solid phase change in its shell. This phase change starts from the surface. Meanwhile, the surrounding gas, which is characterized by its Reynolds number Re and temperature, moves toward the droplet parallel to the axis of symmetry. When the temperature of the forced flow is below the solidification value (i.e., cold-forced convection), increasing the strength of the forced flow shortens the solidification process. In contrast, increasing the Re number of a hot-forced convection system prolongs solidification. In other words, an increase in the ... |
Surface and structure gradients are ubiquitous in nature, where gradual changes in physical, chemical, mechanical and other properties of biomaterial are generated aiming to achieve intricate biological functions. These bioinspired gradients have been explored and fabricated using different materials in small scales (nm or µm) and usually with single function. Leveraging an outstanding property of graphene and their multi functionality, this paper presents a demonstration of the surface and structure gradients with gradual change of multiple functionalities such as structure, chemistry, wettability, charge, electrical and thermal conductivity in all three dimensions (1D, 2D and 3D). |
The nonlinear static buckling analysis of magneto-electro-elastic sandwich plate on Pasternak-type elastic foundations subjected to the mechanical, thermal, electric and magnetic loadings is presented in this paper. The sandwich plate is composed of an auxetic honeycomb core with negative Poisson’s ratio and two face sheets made of magneto-electro-elastic material. The system basic equations are derived based on the Reddy’s higher order shear deformation plate theory taking into account the effect of von Kármán the kinematic nonlinearity and initial imperfection. The form of possible solutions and electric, magnetic potentials are chosen as trigonometric functions based on two cases of boundary conditions. The relationship between axial compressive loading and dimensionless deflect... |
In this research, we proposed the concept of “unusual transformation,” which realizes transformation between two very different image sets as an extension of CycleGAN. CycleGAN is a new deep-learning-based AI technology that can realize transformation between two image sets. Although conventional CycleGAN researchers have tried transformation between two similar image sets, we applied CycleGAN to the transformation of two very different image sets such as between portraits photos and Ikebana or Shan-Shui paintings. Then to obtain a better result, we improved CycleGAN by adding a new loss function and developed “UTGAN (Unusual Transformation GAN).” We found that by using UTGAN, portrait photos and animal photos are transformed into Ikabana-like and Shan-Shui-like images. Then we carr... |
A theoretical approach to quantitatively determine the photothermally driven enhancement of molecular mobility of graphene-indomethacin mixtures under infrared laser irradiation is proposed. Graphene plasmons absorb incident electromagnetic energy and dissipate them into heat. The absorbed energy depends on optical properties of graphene plasmons, which are sensitive to structural parameters, and concentration of plasmonic nanostructures. By using theoretical modelling, temperature gradients of the bulk drug with different concentrations of graphene plasmons are calculated. From these, the temperature dependence of structural molecular relaxation and diffusion of indomethacin are determined and how the heating process significantly enhances the drug mobility is found out |
This paper introduces the LQR control algorithm for the active suspension system. Because the model of the vehicle dynamics used in this paper includes a hydraulic actuator, therefore, this model will include five state variables. Besides, the process of linearization of the hydraulic actuator is also shown in this paper. This is a completely novel and original method. It is possible to describe almost all the characteristics of hydraulic actuators with just one linear differential equation. Also, the parameters of the LQR controller are optimized through the in-loop optimization algorithm. The results of the research showed that the values of displacement and acceleration of the sprung mass were significantly reduced when this algorithm was used. In the investigation cases, these v... |
Video games have the potential to be a tool for communicating pro-environmental values. The present study examines the correlation between players’ environmental attitudes and their interaction with virtual natural resources. This study constructs Bayesian ordinal logistic models to analyze survey data of 640 Animal Crossing: New Horizon (ACNH) players from 29 countries. Results show that the frequency of catching in-game animals (fish and insects) is positively correlated with the level of human centeredness in environmental attitudes. In addition, less anthropocentric players tend to use more sustainable methods to collect woods in ACNH. Such a particular way of interacting with in-game animals and trees based on their species may be attributable to players’ environmental attitude... |
Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) is the advanced material that covers the advantages of both metal and ceramic which contain FGM. Due to the perfect combination, FGM plate is widely developed with the requirement for the practical application to avoid the difficulties from conventional approaches. Consequently, the study establishes the database from analytical model and uses it for developing a machine learning model in the desire of finding an alternative model to predict critical buckling load of the plate. Such a machine learning model is crucial for predicting critical buckling load of the FGM plate without complexity of analytical developments or finite element resources. The Gaussian Process Regression model has been developed based on the database containing 1000 labeled ... |
